Preface
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Criminology, Crime, And Criminal Law
Crime as a Subcategory of Social Harms
Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core Crimes
Box 1.1 Mala in Se or Mala Prohibita? The Cannibal and His Willing Victim
Victimful and Victimless Crimes
The Felony-Misdemeanor Distinction
The Legal Making of a Criminal
An Excursion Through the U.S. Criminal Justice System
The Role of Theory in Criminology
Chapter 2: Measuring Crime And Criminal Behavior
Categorizing and Measuring Crime and Criminal Behavior
The Dark Figure of Crime Revisited
Box 2.1 The Crime Problem or the Criminality Problem?
The Financial Cost of Crime
Interpreting Crime Trends
Box 2.2 Is the United States Hard or Soft on Crime?
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 3: The Early Schools Of Criminology And Modern Counterparts
Box 3.1 Lombrosoism Before and After Lombroso
Neoclassicism: Rational Choice Theory
Connecting Criminological Theory and Social Policy
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 4: Social Structural Theories
The Social Structural Tradition
Box 4.1 People Versus Places: Do Neighborhoods Matter?
Box 4.2 Does Poverty Cause Crime, or Does Crime Cause Poverty?
Evaluation of Social Structural Theories
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Structural Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 5: Social Process Theories
The Social Process Tradition
Box 5.1 Self-Esteem and Crime
Evaluation of Social Process Theories
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Process Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 6: Critical Theories: Marxist, Conflict, And Feminist
The Conflict Perspective of Society
Conflict Theory: Max Weber, Power and Conflict
Box 6.1 The Supreme Court and Class Conflict
Evaluation of Critical Theories
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Critical Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 7: Psychosocial Theories: Individual Traits And Criminal Behavior
Modern Psychology and Intelligence
Box 7.1 The Impact of High and Low IQ on Life Outcomes
Modern Psychosocial Theories
The Antisocial Personalities
Evaluation of the Psychosocial Perspective
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Psychosocial Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 8: Biosocial Approaches
Box 8.1 Gene-Environment Interaction: MAO, Abuse/Neglect, and Crime
The Neurohormonal Sciences
Evaluation of the Biosocial Perspective
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Biosocial Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 9: Developmental Theories: From Delinquency To Crime To Desistance
Box 9.1 What Role Do Genes Play in Juvenile Delinquency?
Major Developmental Theories
Evaluation of Development Theories
Box 9.2 Summary of Key Points, Strengths, and Differences of Developmental Theories
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Development Theories
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 10: Altered Minds And Crime: Alcohol, Drugs, And Mental Illness
The Scope of the Alcohol/Crime Problem
Box 10.1 Treatment Modalities for Substance Abuse in the Criminal Justice System
Box 10.2 Portrait of a Schizophrenic
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 11: Crimes of Violence
Box 11.1 Characteristics of Rapists
Explaining Violence Sociologically: The Subculture of Violence Thesis
Evolutionary Considerations:What Is Violence For?
Box 11.2 Evolutionary Considerations of Inequality and Violence
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 12: Serial, Mass, and Spree Murder
Box 12.1 Recent Long-Term Serial Killers: The Green River and BTK Cases
Theories About the Causes of Serial Killing
Law Enforcement’s Response to Serial Killing
Box 12.2 The First Serial Killer Profile: Jack the Ripper
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 13: Terrorism and Terrorists
Is There a Difference Between Terrorists and Freedom Fighters?
Terrorism and Common Crime
Some Important Terrorist Groups
Box 13.1 The Irish Republican Army: A Decommissioned Group?
Terrorism in the United States
Theories About the Causes of Terrorism
Is There a Terrorist Personality?
Law Enforcement Response and Government Policy
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 14: Property And Public Order Crimes
Box 14.1 Carjacking: MV Theft With an Attitude
Crimes of Guile and Deceit
Cybercrime: Oh What a Tangled World Wide Web We Weave
Box 14.2 Phishing: “If It’s Too Good to Be True . . .”
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 15: White-Collar And Organized Crime
The Concept of White-Collar Crime
Box 15.1 Crimes of America’s Rich and Famous in History
Box 15.2 The Mafia: The Sicilian Origins and History
Theories About the Causes of Organized Crime
Law Enforcement’s Response to Organized Crime
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Chapter 16: Victimology: Exploring The Experience Of Victimization
The Emergence of Victimology
Victimization in the Workplace and School
Child Molestation:Who Gets Victimized?
The Consequences of Victimization
Box 16.1 A Case of Cybervictimization and Its Consequences
Victimization and the Criminal Justice System
Box 16.2 Victims’ Opinions of the Importance of Victims’ Rights
Victim-Offender Reconciliation Programs (VORPS)
Exercises and Discussion Questions
Glossary
Author Index
Subject Index
About the Authors