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Corrections
From Research, to Policy, to Practice

Second Edition

Other Titles in:
Corrections/Penology

December 2019 | 584 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc
Written by two academic scholars and former practitioners, Corrections: From Research, to Policy, to Practice, Second Edition offers students a 21st-century look into the treatment and rehabilitative themes that drive modern-day corrections. Authors Mary K. Stohr and Anthony Walsh expertly weave together research, policy, and practice to give readers a foundational understanding of the field of corrections. Readers will gain a comprehensive and practical understanding of corrections, as well as exposure to often-overlooked topics, including correctional programming and treatment, special problem-solving courts, and comparative corrections. 

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PART 1: Foundations of Corrections
 
Chapter 1: The Philosophical and Ideological Underpinnings of Corrections
What is Punishment?

 
Introduction: What is Corrections?

 
The Foundation of Correctional Punishment

 
The Function of Punishment

 
The Major Punishment Justifications

 
The Due Process and Crime Control Models

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 2: Early Corrections: From Ancient Times to Colonial Jails and Prisons
Narrative of Three Men Placed in the Missouri State Prison for Helping Slaves Escape via the Underground Railroad (1847), by George Thompson

 
Introduction: The Evolving Practice of Corrections

 
Themes: Truths That Underlie Correctional Practice

 
Early Punishments in Westernized Countries

 
Enlightenment—Paradigm Shift

 
Colonial Jails and Prisons

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 3: Correctional History: Early Prisons to Corrections Today
Jim Crow Treatment in Prisons

 
Introduction: The Grand Reforms

 
Early Modern Prisons

 
Emerging Prison Models

 
Early Prisons and Jails Not Reformed

 
The Renewed Promise of Reform

 
American Corrections in the 20th and 21st Centuries

 
Themes That Prevail in Correctional History

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 4: Ethics and Corrections
A Novice Bows to Subcultural Pressure, by Mary K. Stohr

 
Introduction: To Do the right Thing!

 
Ethical Foundation for Professional Practice

 
Why People Behave Unethically

 
How to Prevent Unethical Behavior and Promote Ethical Work Practices

 
War on Drugs = Attack on Ethics?

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
PART 2: The Correctional System
 
Chapter 5: Sentencing: The Application of Punishment
Vindictive Versus Sensible Sentencing

 
Introduction: What is Sentencing?

 
Types of Sentences

 
Plea Bargaining

 
Impact Statements at Sentencing

 
Structuring Judicial Sentencing Choices

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 6: Jails and Detention Centers
A Mentally Ill Inmate in the Dona Ana County Jail, New Mexico

 
Introduction: The Community Institution

 
Jail Inmates and Their Processing

 
Trends in Jail Populations

 
Medical Problems

 
Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

 
Innovations in Jails

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 7: Special Problem-Solving Courts in Corrections
Veterans Courts in Action

 
Introduction: What Are Problem-Solving Courts?

 
Drug Courts

 
Mental Health Courts

 
Veterans Courts

 
Domestic Violence Courts

 
Community Courts

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 8: Community Corrections: Probation and Intermediary Sanctions
Betty's Reproductive Rights Versus the Protection of Children and Society

 
Introduction: The Origins of Probation

 
Probation Today

 
Why Do We Need Community Corrections?

 
The Probation Officer Role

 
Strategies to Reduce Recidivism

 
Intermediate Sanctions

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 9: Prisons and the Correctional Client
Kitchen Supervisor Sexually Abuses Two Male Inmates

 
Introduction: The State of Prisons

 
Prison Organizations

 
Prison Value?

 
Attributes of the Prison That Shape the Experience

 
The Prison Subculture

 
Violence

 
Solutions: Strategies to Reduce Violence, Mature  Coping, and Social Support

 
Special Populations

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 10: Classification and Assessment of Offenders
The Challenges of Classification

 
Introduction: What Is Classification and Assessment?

 
The History of Classification and Assessment

 
Classification Today

 
Assessment and Classification in Community Corrections

 
The Case Management Classification and Supervision Levels

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 11: Correctional Programming and Treatment
Life’s Turning Points

 
Introduction: The Rise and Fall (and Rise Again) of Rehabilitation

 
Evidence-Based Practices

 
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

 
Substance Abuse Programming

 
Anger Management

 
Sex Offenders and Their Treatment

 
Mentally Ill Offenders

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 12: Parole and Prisoner Reentry
The Perils of Parole

 
Introduction: What Is Parole?

 
Parole Boards

 
What Goes In Must Come Out: Prisoner Reentry Into the Community

 
Determining Parole Success

 
Approaches to Parole

 
Concluding Remarks on Reentry and Recidivism

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
PART 3: Correctional Administration
 
Chapter 13: Correctional Organizations and Their Management
Responses to Realignment

 
Introduction: Correctional Organizations and  Their  Management

 
Organizational-Level Factors That Affect Correctional Operations

 
Management Theories

 
Elements of Effective Organizations

 
Organizational Culture

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 14: The corrections Experience for Staff
John’s Tragic Story, by Mary K. Stohr

 
Introduction: What Is a Profession?

 
The State of the Work in Correctional Institutions and Programs

 
Why Require More Education and Training?

 
Individual-Level Factors That Affect the Correctional Workplace

 
Correctional Roles

 
The Subculture and Socialization

 
Staff Interactions With Inmates

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
PART 4: Correctional Clients
 
Chapter 15: Women and Corrections
Supervising Is Different for Women, by Mary K. Stohr

 
Introduction: Women and Corrections

 
History and Growth

 
Current Figures on the Number of Women and Girls in Corrections

 
Females in Corrections: Needs, Programming, Abuse, and Adjustment

 
Female Correctional Officers

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 16: Minorities and Corrections
Undocumented Workers and Their Side of the Story

 
Introduction: Minorities and Corrections

 
A Legacy of Racism

 
The Connection Between Class and Race or Ethnicity

 
Minorities: Policies and Practices That Have Resulted in Increased Incarceration

 
Minorities: Adjustment to Incarceration

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 17: Juveniles and Corrections
Too Young for Life

 
Introduction: Delinquency and Status Offending

 
The Extent of Delinquency

 
The Juvenile Brain and Juvenile Behavior

 
History and Philosophy of Juvenile Justice

 
Processing Juvenile Offenders

 
Juvenile Community Corrections

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
PART 5: Special Topics in Corrections
 
Chapter 18: Legal Issues in Corrections
Prison Without Law

 
Introduction: Legal Issues

 
The Rule of Law

 
Constitutional Rights

 
The Civil Commitment of Sex Offenders

 
Curtailing Prisoner Petitions

 
Legal Issues in Probation and Parole

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 19: The Death Penalty
A Very Unusual, Very Expensive Serial Killer

 
Introduction: The Death Penalty and Public Opinion

 
Methods of Execution Used in the United States

 
Challenges to the Death Penalty

 
Racial Disparity in Death Sentences

 
Women and the Death Penalty

 
The Death Penalty and Mental Disability and Mental Illness

 
The Innocence Revolution

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 20: Comparative Corrections: Punishment in Other Countries
The Debate Over Corporal Punishment

 
Introduction: The Importance of Comparative Corrections

 
The United Kingdom and the Common Law System

 
France and the Civil Law System

 
China and the Socialist Law System

 
Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Law System

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 
 
Chapter 21: Corrections in the 21st Century
Can We Cure Criminality?

 
Introduction: Learning From the Past So That We Have Hope for the Future

 
Punitive Policies Yield Overuse of Corrections

 
Decarceration

 
Professionalization

 
Corrections Is a Relationship Business

 
Privatization

 
Concluding Thoughts

 
Summary

 
Key Terms

 
Discussion Questions

 
Useful Internet Sites

 

Supplements

Student Study Site

edge.sagepub.com/stohrcorrections2e

 

The open-access Student Study Site makes it easy for students to maximize their study time, anywhere, anytime. It offers flashcards that strengthen understanding of key terms and concepts, as well as learning objectives that reinforce the most important material.

Instructor Resource Site
edge.sagepub.com/stohrcorrections2e


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"The ideas in this textbook are perfect for all CJ students. I would strongly recommend this textbook for anyone who wants an in-depth look into corrections."

Nerissa James
Miami Dade College

"This is a comprehensive text for an introductory or general corrections course. The text offers unique content as well as unique features not found in other texts, as well as useful instructor and student resources."

Ashley Blackburn
University of Houston

"A mix between introductory corrections textbook, and an upper level textbook. It provides the basic information necessary to understand what corrections is, but then looks at application and reality."

Kimberly Hufgard
University of Akron

Committee decided to stay with current text, new edition. Wanted more electronic ancillary tools.

Mrs Samantha Carlo
School Of Justice, Miami Dade Cmty College-North
August 24, 2020

chapter 6 and chapter 9 is excellent. i believe staff ethics is one of the most important aspects of corrections. that sets the tone for the whole prison. chapter 6 does a good job at breaking it down. also "the what would you do" ethic questions throughout the chapters are great to use for classroom discussion. Chapter 9 is great as well. I especially like the section on prison subculture. it would be nice to see a section on how both the inmate and staff subculture interact, conflict, and work together. Maybe use that as the main subculture and break it down into inmate and staff subculture from there.

Professor Derek Enciso
Sociology, Seton Hill University
April 2, 2021